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Snecma M88
The Snecma M88 is a French afterburning turbofan engine developed by Snecma for the Dassault Rafale fighter.
==History==
The program for the M88 arose from a need for a suitable propulsion system for air-superiority and ground-attack missions. In 1983, Dassault Aviation planned to produce a technology demonstrator for the ''Avion de Combat eXpérimental'' (ACX), which was expected to fly in 1986. Although the M88 was intended to be fitted to the definitive aircraft.,〔''Flight International'' 1983, p. 1,294.〕 it was not expected to be ready in time, and the ACX was therefore initially powered by the General Electric F404.
Due to the broad application of the new engine (as the aircraft was to replace considerable number of French fleet), it was necessary for the engine to have a high thrust-to-weight ratio, low fuel consumption in all flight regimes, and a long engine life.〔Williams 2002, pp. 92, 96.〕 Additional considerations were afforded to good maintainability, and upgrade potential (73 kN to 105 kN using the same core). The program was officially launched in 1986. It was decided to flight test the engine, the M88-2, aboard the Dassault Breguet, and the Rafale A prototype.〔Williams 2002, p. 96.〕〔Moxon 1996, p. 26.〕〔Norris and Sedbon 1991, p. 35.〕 Indeed, after having replaced the aircraft's left F404, the engine was first flight tested aboard the Rafale A on 27 February 1990. By now, the fourteen M88-2s had accumulated 1,600 hours of running time. The demonstrator thereafter reached a speed of Mach 1.4 without afterburners, reached a height of 50,000 ft, endured load factors of -2g and +9g and flown at an angle of attack of 30 degrees. Within 14 months of its flight aboard the Rafale A, the M88-2 had amassed 75 hours on 65 flights.〔
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